 | Chapter 34 - Future Tense |
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The tense marker of the FUTURE is the infix -TA-.
1. FUTURE - AFFIRMATIVE FORM :
The tense marker -TA- is inserted between the subject prefix, identical to that of the present, and the verbal root :
MODEL : KUFANYA = to make, to do
| NI-TA-FANYA | -> nitafanya | I will make |
| U-TA-FANYA | -> utafanya | you will make |
| A-TA-FANYA | -> atafanya | he / she will make |
| TU-TA-FANYA | -> tutafanya | we will make |
| M-TA-FANYA | -> mtafanya | you will make |
| WA-TA-FANYA | -> watafanya | they will make |
CASE OF THE MONOSYLLABIC VERBS :
Monosyllabic verbs retain the KU- of the infinitive in the Future affirmative.
MODEL : KULA = to eat
| NI-TA-KULA | -> nitakula | I will eat |
| U-TA-KULA | -> utakula | you will eat |
| A-TA-KULA | -> atakula | he / she will eat |
| TU-TA-KULA | -> tutakula | we will eat |
| M-TA-KULA | -> mtakula | you will eat |
| WA-TA-KULA | -> watakula | they will eat |
2. FUTURE - NEGATIVE FORM :
The tense marker -TA- is inserted between the negative subject prefix, identical to that of the present, and the verbal root :
MODEL : KUFANYA = to make, to do
| SI-TA-FANYA | -> sitafanya | I won't make |
| HU-TA-FANYA | -> hutafanya | you won't make |
| HA-TA-FANYA | -> hatafanya | he / she won't make |
| HATU-TA-FANYA | -> hatutafanya | we won't make |
| HAM-TA-FANYA | -> hamtafanya | you won't make |
| HAWA-TA-FANYA | -> hawatafanya | they won't make |
CASE OF THE MONOSYLLABIC VERBS :
Monosyllabic verbs retain the KU- of the infinitive in the Future negative.
MODEL : KULA = to eat
| SI-TA-KULA | -> sitakula | I won't eat |
| HU-TA-KULA | -> hutakula | you won't eat |
| HA-TA-KULA | -> hatakula | he / she won't eat |
| HATU-TA-KULA | -> hatutakula | we won't eat |
| HAM-TA-KULA | -> hamtakula | you won't eat |
| HAWA-TA-KULA | -> hawatakula | they won't eat |
VOCABULARY
| Buibui | a spider | Nyuki | a bee |
| Inzi | a fly | Nyungunyungu | a worm |
| Kupe | a tick | Nzige | a locust |
| Mbung'o | a tsetse fly | Siafu | a soldier ant |
| Mchwa | a termit | Sisimizi | a small ant |
| Nge | a scorpion | Tandu | a centipede |
EXERCISES
EXERCISE 1 : Translate into Swahili :
I'll see, I'll make, I'll continue, I'll wash, you'll make, you'll take, you'll write, you'll rest, he'll come, he'll explain, he'll read, he'll learn, we will overcome, we will go, we will walk, you will make (plur), you will understand (plur), you will sleep (plur), they will say, they will call, they will give us, you will push (plur), you will receive (plur), they will swipe, they will plan.
I won't see, I won't come, I will not breed, you will not receive, he will not take, he won't come, she won't go, we won't travel, we won't listen, you will not take a walk (plur), you will not see (plur), they won't give you, they won't prohibit, they will not overcome, they will not understand.
EXERCISE 2 : Translate into English :
- Nitanunua nyama kesho.
- Ali atatuleta chakula.
- Hatutaweza kwenda kesho.
- Watamaliza kazi hiyo haraka.
- Tutakula chakula katika hoteli mjini.
- Mwanafunzi ataanza mtihani kesho.
- Wafaransa watapanda mlima wa kilimanjaro.
- Kijana huyo atakuwa daktari.
- Watoto wataamka kesho asubuhi.
- Wageni watatembea Zanzibar kesho kutwa.
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